Plan and Elevation

10. Plans and Elevations

1.      Plan is the image formed when solid is viewed from the top. Its orthogonal projection lies on the horizontal plane.

2.      Elevation is the image formed when a solid is viewed from the front or from the side. Its orthogonal projection lies on the vertical plane.

3.      In drawing plans and elevations of solids,

           (a)  Visible edges should be drawn using solid lines (──),

           (b)  Hidden edges whose views are blocked should be drawn using dashed lines (- - -).

TYPE OF VIEWING:

View from:

Top – PLAN

Front – FRONT ELEVATION

Side – SIDE ELEVATION

Another method of viewing is :

Example:

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Questions:

The diagram above shows a right prism attach to a cuboid at one of its plane. ABCG and CDEF, IJNH and KLMJ are horizontal planes, ABIH, AGNH and GCJN are vertical planes while IBCJ is an inclined plane. HA = 3cm, BC = 3cm, CD = 1.5cm, HI = NJ = JK = 3cm. Draw to full scale

(a)    The elevation of the solid on a vertical plane parallel to AB as viewed from X.

(    b)    A solid semi-cylinder is joined to the solid in A as show in the diagram above. JPON is a vertical plane and JP = 1.5cm. Draw to full scale

i.        i) The plan of the solid

ii.      ii) The elevation of the solid on a vertical plane parallel to BCD as viewed from Y.

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Solution:

a) 

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

Exercise: https://mathematicsspmipgkpt.blogspot.my/2017/08/exercise.html